Several successor buildings
The Doge's Palace was first built in the 9th century from wood on the Rivo Alto and served as a Castello (castle). Over the centuries, fires, lootings, and uprisings followed, which changed the building through its three successor buildings and today reflects a combination of the Gothic style with elements from the Renaissance. Under the reign of the Doge Sebastiano Ziani, the castle was converted into a building complex with living rooms, justice palace, and meeting rooms made of stone in 1340. From then on, the Doge's Palace served as the residence of the elected head of the Republic of Venice (the Doge), which existed until 1797.The Use of the Palace
During the time of the Doges, the Doge's Palace served not only as their residence, but people's assemblies for the election of the Doge were also held there. In addition, especially at the beginning of the 13th century, when the trial proceedings of the Roman Catholic Church against blasphemers were established, prisoners were kept, questioned, and sometimes even publicly executed. After 1797, when the Republic of Venice was dissolved, offices and institutions under French or Austrian rule were located here. Since the restoration of the Doge's Palace as a museum in 1923, it has been open to the public.
In the courtyard of the Doge's Palace | Photo: Flickr, Sergiy Galyonkin - CC-BY-SA 2.0The Doge's Prestige
The Doges were the chairmen of the Republic of Venice from 726 to 1797. They were elected for life by the Venetian nobility. However, their power was limited over time as they had to give up certain functions to other officials or committees. In 1796, Venice was occupied by Napoleon's troops, ending the rule of the Doges. Although early Doges often tried to pass their seat to a son or relative, this was later no longer possible due to certain rules. Nevertheless, the small circles of Venetian nobility ensured that the Doges usually came from a handful of interrelated families.
Il Paradiso | Photo: Flickr, Dennis Jarvis - CC-BY-SA 2.0Biggest picture in the world
During the era of the Doges, countless wonderful paintings adorned the walls of the palace, which can still be admired today. Among the most impressive artists are Tintoretto and Paolo Veronese, who depict the once magnificent Republic in their works of art. The gallery also contains the once largest oil painting in the world, Paradise by Jacopo Tintoretto. However, the largest oil painting was replaced by the work Ball Story by the artist Emad Salehi on the occasion of the Football World Cup in Qatar.The Heart of the Palace
Through the Porta della Carta and the Arco Foscari passage, one reaches the courtyard of the Doge's Palace. This was used for official acts, parties, meetings, and tournaments. Located in the corner of the courtyard is the chapel San Nicolò, which was built specifically for the doge. From here, two significant staircases, the Scala d'Oro and the Scala dei Giganti, lead to the upper floors and private rooms of the palace.The Rooms of the Palace
The apartments of the Doge's Palace served both for public and private events, the private use, however, was reserved only for the doges and their families. The luxurious quarters are located on the upper floors of the palace. Keep an eye out - during a visit to the palace one should pay attention not only to the architectural details but also to the elaborately painted ceilings! Among the most impressive rooms of the palace are the Erizzo Room (Sala Erizzo), the Shield Room (Sala degli Scudieri), the Stucchi Room (Sala degli Stucchi), the Scarlet Hall (Sala degli Scarlatti) and the Shield Hall (Sala dello Scudo). The Hall of the Great Council (Sala dell’Udienza) holds a special position, here the people once elected the doge.Spooky corridors
Since the 12th century, the dark and damp prison rooms were established in the Doge's Palace, which were distributed over two buildings in which state prisoners and high traitors were held. They are connected by the Bridge of Sighs, which was built in 1600 to carry prisoners to and from the palace. The legends say that sighs escaped the prisoners when they looked at the city through the windows of the bridge. Back then, the prison rooms were also known as Pozzi ('wells' or small, damp and poorly ventilated cells) or as Piombi (cells of the prisons, which got their name from the lead plate roofs). Although escaping from the prison seemed impossible due to the small barred windows, Giacomo Casanova managed to escape, who described the terrible conditions in the Piombi.