Arc de Triomphe | Unsplash: Lisa KitanoNapoleon's vision
In 1806 AD, Napoleon Bonaparte ordered the construction of the Arc de Triomphe to celebrate the glorious victories of his armies. The arch was intended to be a symbol of the strength and glory of France. The architect Jean Chalgrin designed the monument in the neoclassical style, inspired by Roman triumphal arches.
Arc de Triomphe | Flickr: David Wilson CC-BY-SA 2.0The construction process
The construction began in 1806 AD, but dragged on for many years. Due to Napoleon's fall and the political turmoil of the time, the work was interrupted several times. It was not until 1836 AD, under the reign of King Louis-Philippe, that the arch was finally completed. During this time, the responsible architects changed several times, but Chalgrin's initial design largely remained intact.
Tomb of the unknown Ssldier | Flickr: edwin.11 CC-BY-SA 2.0A monument to the fallen
The Arc de Triomphe serves as a tribute to the French armies who fought during the Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. Under the arc lies the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, which has commemorated the fallen soldiers of the First World War since 1921. The eternal flame, rekindled daily, symbolizes the memory of the fallen soldiers and the everlasting remembrance of their courage and sacrifice.
Arc de Triomphe | Unsplash: YiwenHistorical events
Over the years, the Arc de Triomphe has been the site of numerous historical events. In 1919, Allied troops marched under the arch to celebrate the end of World War I. In 1944, a parade was held here to mark the liberation of Paris in World War II. The Arc de Triomphe remains a central site for national celebrations to this day, such as on July 14th, the annual day of remembrance and French national holiday.
Details | Unsplash: Ty KohArchitectural details
The Arc de Triomphe impresses not only with its size but also through its elaborate decorations. Four main sculptures on the pillars represent significant moments of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars: ‘Le Départ des volontaires’ (the departure of the volunteers) (also known as ’La Marseillaise’), ’Le Triomphe’ (the Triumph), ’La Résistance’ (the Resistance), and ’La Paix’ (the Peace). The names of 660 generals and numerous battles are engraved on the inside walls.
Triumphal arch | Unsplash: Peter BurdonA symbol of unity
Today, the Arc de Triomphe is a symbol of unity and national pride for France. It attracts millions of visitors annually, who enjoy the view from its platform and immerse themselves in French history. The triumphal arch remains a testament to the brave men and women who fought for the country, and is an essential symbol of the enduring French identity.
Arc de Triomphe wrapped | Unsplash: Felix DauerThe wrapping of the Arc de Triomphe as an art project
In September 2021, the Arc de Triomphe in Paris was wrapped as part of a posthumous art project by the late artist couple Christo and Jeanne-Claude. The monument was completely covered in 25,000 sqm (269,097.76 sqft) of silvery blue fabric, which was tied with 3,000m (9,842.52ft) of red rope. This spectacular installation fulfilled a long-held dream of the artist couple, who had become known for similar projects like the wrapping of the Reichstag building in Berlin. The temporary art action, which lasted for over two weeks, attracted numerous visitors and provoked reflection on the relationship between art, space, and public heritage. It reminded us that there is nothing threatening about the crowd in large-scale projects by Christo and Jeanne-Claude. On the contrary: the massive works radiate peace. The silvery covers softened the hardness of the huge official architecture.
Olympia in Paris | Flickr: Diplomatic Security Service CC-BY-SA 2.0The 2024 Olympic Games
Around the Olympic and Paralympic Games 2024 in Paris, there were significant events and special exhibitions involving the Arc de Triomphe. A standout event is the first-time installation of the three Paralympic Agitos on the Arc de Triomphe. This symbolism was presented for the first time in a host city before the Olympic Games and aimed to highlight the upcoming Paralympic Games. The Agitos installation remained in place until the end of the Games. The Olympic rings were installed at the Eiffel Tower.
On July 15, 2024, the Olympic flame passed through the Place Charles-de-Gaulle-Étoile.