From the end of the 3rd millennium BC, the site acquired greater importance as kingdoms developed around it, as indicated by the palace complexes that already existed at that time. An earthquake destroyed almost all the palaces of Crete between 1750 and 1700 BC, but later they were rebuilt even more elaborately. The palace of Knossos was used at least until 1370 BC. According to historians, after a Mycenaean invasion in the 14th century BC, the Minoan culture perished, Knossos was destroyed and abandoned. Only around 1000 BC the city was repopulated.
The Greek and Roman Knossos of later centuries, in turn, is located near the palace ruins, but has been excavated to this day only a small part.
Discovery of Knossos
The Cretan merchant and amateur archaeologist Minos Kalokairinos first uncovered parts of the site in 1878. Systematic excavations took place from 1900 by the English ethnologist Arthur Evans and lasted until 1914. Over 20,000 m² (215,278 ft²) of the site were uncovered during this time. The reconstructions of the palace which you can still see today date back to Evans, although he was criticized for basing the reconstructed palace on the aesthetics of buildings of the day and descriptions from ancient texts rather than interpreting the remains that he found. The exact use of the site is still a subject of speculation, some archaeologists believe it was the capital city or administrative center, others argue that it was a Necropolis or sacred site.The Labyrinth of Minotaur
According to tradition, the Minotaur was a mythical man-eating hybrid creature of bull and man, created by the lack of respect Minos had for the sea god Poseidon. Minos had a mythical labyrinth built for this creature, in which it remained trapped. After Minos had defeated the Athenians, they had to give him seven virgins and young men as tribute every ninth year, which he sacrificed to Minotaur. Only Prince Theseus, with the help of Minos' daughter Ariadne who had fallen in love with him, was able to put an end to this tributary practice. He defeated the Minotaur and fled to Naxos with Ariadne and the hostages. The location of the labyrinth is still shrouded in mystery, though according to legends it’s either beneath the palace complex of Knossos or in a cave about 3 hours away.